Preening calisthenics

Rufous-naped Lark (Mirafra africana) engaged in preening session for plumage maintenance, twisting its head and scratching its neck to spread preen oil there or to remove molted feathers or ectoparasites. The spread of preen oil is usually done with the help of the bill. But it is not possible for the bill to reach the feathers on the head and neck area. So the oil is rubbed on the bird’s foot with the help of the bill and the bird in turn scratches the neck area, transferring the oil to the neck feathers. Captured in Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Tanzania.